Dose dependent effects of dietary immunostimulants on rainbow trout immune parameters and susceptibility to the parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis
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Dose dependent effects of dietary immunostimulants on rainbow trout immune parameters and susceptibility to the parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. / Mohammad, Rezkar Jaafar; Skov, Jakob; Kania, Per Walter; Buchmann, Kurt.
I: Journal of Aquaculture Research & Development, Nr. S3, 001, 2011.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › fagfællebedømt
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T1 - Dose dependent effects of dietary immunostimulants on rainbow trout immune parameters and susceptibility to the parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis
AU - Mohammad, Rezkar Jaafar
AU - Skov, Jakob
AU - Kania, Per Walter
AU - Buchmann, Kurt
PY - 2011
Y1 - 2011
N2 - Immunostimulants offered to fish in feed are considered to confer protection against various bacterial diseasesbut the effects on the antiparasitic response are largely unknown. Therefore effects of dietary β-1,3-glucan on innateimmune parameters of juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and on susceptibility to the skin-parasitic ciliateIchthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich) have been investigated. A basal diet (dry pelleted feed) was supplemented with0% (control), 0.2% (low), 2.0% (medium), and 5.0% (high) of the β-1,3-glucan particulate insoluble algae glucan,paramylon, from Euglena gracilis. Fish (total 440) were divided into four groups each with 110 fish (kept in duplicatetanks of 55) and each diet was fed to two replicate groups at a daily feeding rate of 1.5% of fish biomass for 56consecutive days. Liver and plasma sampling was performed at day 0 and after feeding with β-1,3-glucans for 14,28, 42, and 56 days and subsamples of fish were exposed to Ich at day 14 and 45. Gene expression in trout liverwas investigated by real-time qPCR and genes encoding immune molecules including acute phase proteins (SAA,hepcidin, and precerebellin), immunoglobulins (IgM and IgT), cytokine (IL-1β), and lysozyme were investigated. Inaddition plasma lysozyme activity was recorded. At the start of the experiment the 5.0% glucan supplemented fishbecame more infected by parasites compared to control fish (0.0%) but after 45 days feeding they obtained significantlyfewer trophonts. Plasma lysozyme activity of fish fed low (0.2%) and medium (2.0%) glucan supplementationfluctuated, while high (5.0%) glucan was associated with an elevation of lysozyme activity. Plasma lysozyme activitywas positively correlated to expression of the lysozyme gene and to body mass of fish. Groups fed low (0.2%) andmedium (2%) glucan diets showed a trend for down-regulation of immune relevant genes whereas the group fed withhigh (5%) glucan showed a trend for up-regulation of genes especially the acute phase reactant SAA.
AB - Immunostimulants offered to fish in feed are considered to confer protection against various bacterial diseasesbut the effects on the antiparasitic response are largely unknown. Therefore effects of dietary β-1,3-glucan on innateimmune parameters of juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and on susceptibility to the skin-parasitic ciliateIchthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich) have been investigated. A basal diet (dry pelleted feed) was supplemented with0% (control), 0.2% (low), 2.0% (medium), and 5.0% (high) of the β-1,3-glucan particulate insoluble algae glucan,paramylon, from Euglena gracilis. Fish (total 440) were divided into four groups each with 110 fish (kept in duplicatetanks of 55) and each diet was fed to two replicate groups at a daily feeding rate of 1.5% of fish biomass for 56consecutive days. Liver and plasma sampling was performed at day 0 and after feeding with β-1,3-glucans for 14,28, 42, and 56 days and subsamples of fish were exposed to Ich at day 14 and 45. Gene expression in trout liverwas investigated by real-time qPCR and genes encoding immune molecules including acute phase proteins (SAA,hepcidin, and precerebellin), immunoglobulins (IgM and IgT), cytokine (IL-1β), and lysozyme were investigated. Inaddition plasma lysozyme activity was recorded. At the start of the experiment the 5.0% glucan supplemented fishbecame more infected by parasites compared to control fish (0.0%) but after 45 days feeding they obtained significantlyfewer trophonts. Plasma lysozyme activity of fish fed low (0.2%) and medium (2.0%) glucan supplementationfluctuated, while high (5.0%) glucan was associated with an elevation of lysozyme activity. Plasma lysozyme activitywas positively correlated to expression of the lysozyme gene and to body mass of fish. Groups fed low (0.2%) andmedium (2%) glucan diets showed a trend for down-regulation of immune relevant genes whereas the group fed withhigh (5%) glucan showed a trend for up-regulation of genes especially the acute phase reactant SAA.
U2 - 10.4172/2155-9546.S3-001
DO - 10.4172/2155-9546.S3-001
M3 - Journal article
JO - Journal of Aquaculture Research & Development
JF - Journal of Aquaculture Research & Development
SN - 2155-9546
IS - S3
M1 - 001
ER -
ID: 98018239