TY - JOUR

T1 - Effects of Calcium Source, Inulin, and Lactose on Gut-Bone Associations in an Ovarierectomized Rat Model

AU - He, Weiwei

AU - Xie, Zhuqing

AU - Thøgersen, Rebekka

AU - Rasmussen, Martin Krøyer

AU - Zachariassen, Line F.

AU - Jørgensen, Niklas Rye

AU - Nørgaard, Jan Værum

AU - Andersen, Henrik J.

AU - Nielsen, Dennis S.

AU - Hansen, Axel K.

AU - Bertram, Hanne Christine

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research published by Wiley-VCH GmbH

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - Scope: Osteoporosis poses a health challenge especially for postmenopausal women. This study aims to explore nutritional strategies to counteract bone demineralization in ovarierectomized (OVX) rats. Methods and Results: OVX rats (n = 49) are fed with one of six different diets, where two different calcium sources (dairy calcium or calcium carbonate) are provided alone or in combination with either inulin (5%) or lactose (0.5%). In addition, a calcium-deficient diet is included. Calcium supplementation increases intestinal concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and the abundance of fecal Acinetobacter and Propionibacterium. Accompanied with these effects, rats fed with calcium-fortified diets have higher bone mineral density, bone mineral content and femur mechanical strength, lower serum levels of bone markers, and lower expression of calcium absorption-related genes (transient receptor potential vanilloid type 6 (TRPV6), calcium-binding protein (CaBP) compared with control. Inulin supplementation results in a markedly increased production of intestinal SCFAs, a decreased intestinal pH, an increased abundance of Allobaculum and Bifidobacterium, and an increased expression of Trpv6. Inulin and lactose show beneficial effects on spine bone. Conclusion: Calcium modulates gut microbiome composition and function. A pronounced effect of inulin on metabolic activity in the gastrointestinal tract is evident, and lactose supplementation decreases jejunal pH that might be associated with slightly enhanced bone mineralization.

AB - Scope: Osteoporosis poses a health challenge especially for postmenopausal women. This study aims to explore nutritional strategies to counteract bone demineralization in ovarierectomized (OVX) rats. Methods and Results: OVX rats (n = 49) are fed with one of six different diets, where two different calcium sources (dairy calcium or calcium carbonate) are provided alone or in combination with either inulin (5%) or lactose (0.5%). In addition, a calcium-deficient diet is included. Calcium supplementation increases intestinal concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and the abundance of fecal Acinetobacter and Propionibacterium. Accompanied with these effects, rats fed with calcium-fortified diets have higher bone mineral density, bone mineral content and femur mechanical strength, lower serum levels of bone markers, and lower expression of calcium absorption-related genes (transient receptor potential vanilloid type 6 (TRPV6), calcium-binding protein (CaBP) compared with control. Inulin supplementation results in a markedly increased production of intestinal SCFAs, a decreased intestinal pH, an increased abundance of Allobaculum and Bifidobacterium, and an increased expression of Trpv6. Inulin and lactose show beneficial effects on spine bone. Conclusion: Calcium modulates gut microbiome composition and function. A pronounced effect of inulin on metabolic activity in the gastrointestinal tract is evident, and lactose supplementation decreases jejunal pH that might be associated with slightly enhanced bone mineralization.

KW - bone mineralization

KW - calcium absorption

KW - gut metabolomics

KW - gut microbiome

KW - prebiotics

U2 - 10.1002/mnfr.202100883

DO - 10.1002/mnfr.202100883

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 35107857

AN - SCOPUS:85124720788

VL - 66

JO - Molecular Nutrition and Food Research

JF - Molecular Nutrition and Food Research

SN - 1613-4125

IS - 8

M1 - 2100883

ER -