Efflux Pumps and Different Genetic Contexts of tet(X4) Contribute to High Tigecycline Resistance in Escherichia fergusonii from Pigs
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Efflux Pumps and Different Genetic Contexts of tet(X4) Contribute to High Tigecycline Resistance in Escherichia fergusonii from Pigs. / Wang, Junlin; Wan, Xiulin; Meng, Hecheng; Olsen, Rikke Heidemann; Chen, Xun; Li, Lili.
In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol. 24, No. 8, 6923, 2023.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Efflux Pumps and Different Genetic Contexts of tet(X4) Contribute to High Tigecycline Resistance in Escherichia fergusonii from Pigs
AU - Wang, Junlin
AU - Wan, Xiulin
AU - Meng, Hecheng
AU - Olsen, Rikke Heidemann
AU - Chen, Xun
AU - Li, Lili
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Tigecycline is a last-resort antibiotic for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. The emergence of plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance genes is posing a serious threat to food safety and human health and has attracted worldwide attention. In this study, we characterized six tigecycline-resistant Escherichia fergusonii strains from porcine nasal swab samples collected from 50 swine farms in China. All the E. fergusonii isolates were highly resistant to tigecycline with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 16–32 mg/L, and all contained the tet(X4) gene. In addition, 13–19 multiple resistance genes were identified in these isolates, revealed by whole-genome sequencing analysis. The tet(X4) gene was identified as being located in two different genetic structures, hp-abh-tet(X4)-ISCR2 in five isolates and hp-abh-tet(X4)-ΔISCR2-ISEc57-IS26 in one isolate. The role of efflux pumps in tigecycline resistance was evaluated by using inhibitor carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP). The MIC values of tigecycline showed a 2- to 4-fold reduction in the presence of CCCP, indicating the involvement of active efflux pumps in tigecycline resistance in E. fergusonii. The tet(X4) gene was found to be transferable to Escherichia coli J53 by conjugation and resulted in the acquisition of tigcycline resistances in the transconjugants. Whole-genome multilocus sequence typing (wgMLST) and phylogenetic analysis showed a close relationship of five isolates originating from different pig farms, suggesting the transmission of tet(X4)-positive E. fergusonii between farms. In conclusion, our findings suggest that E. fergusonii strains in pigs are reservoirs of a transferable tet(X4) gene and provide insights into the tigecycline resistance mechanism as well as the diversity and complexity of the genetic context of tet(X4) in E. fergusonii.
AB - Tigecycline is a last-resort antibiotic for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. The emergence of plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance genes is posing a serious threat to food safety and human health and has attracted worldwide attention. In this study, we characterized six tigecycline-resistant Escherichia fergusonii strains from porcine nasal swab samples collected from 50 swine farms in China. All the E. fergusonii isolates were highly resistant to tigecycline with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 16–32 mg/L, and all contained the tet(X4) gene. In addition, 13–19 multiple resistance genes were identified in these isolates, revealed by whole-genome sequencing analysis. The tet(X4) gene was identified as being located in two different genetic structures, hp-abh-tet(X4)-ISCR2 in five isolates and hp-abh-tet(X4)-ΔISCR2-ISEc57-IS26 in one isolate. The role of efflux pumps in tigecycline resistance was evaluated by using inhibitor carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP). The MIC values of tigecycline showed a 2- to 4-fold reduction in the presence of CCCP, indicating the involvement of active efflux pumps in tigecycline resistance in E. fergusonii. The tet(X4) gene was found to be transferable to Escherichia coli J53 by conjugation and resulted in the acquisition of tigcycline resistances in the transconjugants. Whole-genome multilocus sequence typing (wgMLST) and phylogenetic analysis showed a close relationship of five isolates originating from different pig farms, suggesting the transmission of tet(X4)-positive E. fergusonii between farms. In conclusion, our findings suggest that E. fergusonii strains in pigs are reservoirs of a transferable tet(X4) gene and provide insights into the tigecycline resistance mechanism as well as the diversity and complexity of the genetic context of tet(X4) in E. fergusonii.
KW - E. fergusonii
KW - efflux pump
KW - tet(X4)
KW - tigecycline
U2 - 10.3390/ijms24086923
DO - 10.3390/ijms24086923
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37108087
AN - SCOPUS:85156189979
VL - 24
JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences (Online)
JF - International Journal of Molecular Sciences (Online)
SN - 1661-6596
IS - 8
M1 - 6923
ER -
ID: 346596578