Bacillus subtilis-597 induces changes in lung pathology and inflammation during influenza A virus infection in pigs
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In recent years, it has become apparent that imbalances in the gastrointestinal system can impact organs beyondthe intestine such as the lungs. Given the established ability of probiotics to modulate the immune system byinteracting with gastrointestinal cells, our research aimed to investigate whether administering the probioticstrain Bacillus subtilis-597 could mitigate the outcome of influenza virus infection in pigs. Pigs were fed a dieteither with or without the probiotic strain B. subtilis-597 for 14 days before being intranasally inoculated with aswine influenza A H1N2 strain (1 C.2 lineage). Throughout the study, we collected fecal samples, blood samples,and nasal swabs to examine viral shedding and immune gene expression. After seven days of infection, the pigswere euthanized, and lung and ileum tissues were collected for gene expression analysis and pathological ex-amination. Our findings indicate that the administration of B. subtilis-597 exhibit potential in reducing lunglesions, possibly attributable to a general suppression of the immune system as indicated by reduced C-reactiveprotein (CRP) levels in serum, decreased expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), and localized reduc-tion of the inflammatory marker serum amyloid A (SAA) in ileum tissue. Notably, the immune-modulatory effectsof B. subtilis-597 appeared to be unrelated to the gastrointestinal microbiota, as the composition remained un-altered by both the influenza infection and the administration of B. subtilis-597
Originalsprog | Engelsk |
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Artikelnummer | 110032 |
Tidsskrift | Veterinary Microbiology |
Vol/bind | 291 |
Antal sider | 12 |
ISSN | 0378-1135 |
DOI | |
Status | Udgivet - 2024 |
Bibliografisk note
Funding Information:
The authors thank Maja Rosendahl and the employees at Department of Experimental Medicine for help with the animal trial, and Hue Thi Thanh Tran, Nina Dam Grønnegaard, Karin Tarp and Christel Galschioet for technical assistance throughout the study. This work was financially supported by Chr. Hansen A/S (Denmark) and Innovation Foundation Denmark via a PhD-grant (Grant number: 0153–00153 A) for the first author. Fig. 1 was made with Biorender.com
Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Authors
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