The prevention of the development of antimicrobial resistance of bacterial pathogens by minimization and optimization of drug consumption is a declared political target of the European Union and the Federal Republic of Germany. The range of bovine mastitis therapy offers a reduction of applied antimicrobial doses. However, this requires a new therapy concept, which demands a systematic monitoring of the clinical grade of the respective mastitis as wells as the mastitis history of the affected cow and the implementation of a quick diagnostic test system. The present report elucidates and discusses the concept and illustrates available test systems.