TY - JOUR

T1 - Bioactive Whey Protein Concentrate and Lactose Stimulate Gut Function in Formula-Fed Preterm Pigs

AU - Li, Yanqi

AU - Nguyen, Duc Ninh

AU - Obelitz-Ryom, Karina

AU - Andersen, Anders D.

AU - Thymann, Thomas

AU - Chatterton, Dereck E.W.

AU - Purup, Stig

AU - Heckmann, Anne B.

AU - Bering, Stine B.

AU - Sangild, Per T.

PY - 2018

Y1 - 2018

N2 - Formula feeding is associated with compromised intestinal health in preterm neonates compared with maternal milk, but the mechanisms behind this are unclear. We hypothesized that the use of maltodextrin and whey protein concentrates (WPCs) with reduced bioactivity due to thermal-processing are important factors. METHOD:: Ninety-two caesarean-delivered preterm pigs were fed increasing doses of formulas for 5 days (24–120?mL/kg/d). In Experiment 1, four groups of pigs (n?=?15–16) were fed lactose- or maltodextrin-dominant formulas (lactose/maltodextrin ratios 3:1 or 1:3, respectively), containing WPC with either high or low levels of IgG (WPC1 or WPC2, respectively). In Experiment 2, two groups of pigs (n?=?15–16) were fed lactose-dominant formulas with either a bioactive WPC (BioWPC, produced by reduced thermal-processing) or a conventional WPC (ConWPC). RESULTS:: In Experiment 1, pigs fed formula with WPC1 had higher villi, hexose absorption, and lactase activity in small intestine, relative to WPC2, but predominantly with the lactose-dominant formula (all P?<?0.05). In Experiment 2, the BioWPC product had higher bioactivity, as indicated by higher IgG, lactoferrin and TGF-β2 levels, and better enterocyte proliferation in vitro. Pigs fed the BioWPC formula showed better feeding tolerance and higher intestinal villi and lactase activity (all P?<?0.05). The BioWPC formula-fed pigs also had greater physical activity (P?<?0.05 on day 4) and tended to show improved hexose absorption and decreased gut permeability (both P?≤?0.09). CONCLUSIONS:: Infant formulas containing lactose as the main carbohydrate, and WPC with reduced thermal processing, may support gut maturation and health in sensitive, preterm neonates.

AB - Formula feeding is associated with compromised intestinal health in preterm neonates compared with maternal milk, but the mechanisms behind this are unclear. We hypothesized that the use of maltodextrin and whey protein concentrates (WPCs) with reduced bioactivity due to thermal-processing are important factors. METHOD:: Ninety-two caesarean-delivered preterm pigs were fed increasing doses of formulas for 5 days (24–120?mL/kg/d). In Experiment 1, four groups of pigs (n?=?15–16) were fed lactose- or maltodextrin-dominant formulas (lactose/maltodextrin ratios 3:1 or 1:3, respectively), containing WPC with either high or low levels of IgG (WPC1 or WPC2, respectively). In Experiment 2, two groups of pigs (n?=?15–16) were fed lactose-dominant formulas with either a bioactive WPC (BioWPC, produced by reduced thermal-processing) or a conventional WPC (ConWPC). RESULTS:: In Experiment 1, pigs fed formula with WPC1 had higher villi, hexose absorption, and lactase activity in small intestine, relative to WPC2, but predominantly with the lactose-dominant formula (all P?<?0.05). In Experiment 2, the BioWPC product had higher bioactivity, as indicated by higher IgG, lactoferrin and TGF-β2 levels, and better enterocyte proliferation in vitro. Pigs fed the BioWPC formula showed better feeding tolerance and higher intestinal villi and lactase activity (all P?<?0.05). The BioWPC formula-fed pigs also had greater physical activity (P?<?0.05 on day 4) and tended to show improved hexose absorption and decreased gut permeability (both P?≤?0.09). CONCLUSIONS:: Infant formulas containing lactose as the main carbohydrate, and WPC with reduced thermal processing, may support gut maturation and health in sensitive, preterm neonates.

U2 - 10.1097/MPG.0000000000001699

DO - 10.1097/MPG.0000000000001699

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 28753186

AN - SCOPUS:85026473237

VL - 66

SP - 128

EP - 134

JO - Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition

JF - Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition

SN - 0277-2116

IS - 1

ER -