TY - JOUR

T1 - Inflammatory reactions in rainbow trout fins and gills exposed to biocides

AU - Mathiessen, Heidi

AU - Marana, Moonika Haahr

AU - Korbut, Rozalia

AU - Wu, Boqian

AU - Al-Jubury, Azmi

AU - Karami, Asma M

AU - Kania, Per Walter

AU - Buchmann, Kurt

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - Several biocides are widely used in rainbow trout aquaculture against various ectoparasites and ectobionts, but the inflammation induced in treated fish is less well described. Dose-response studies were conducted to elucidate the effects on rainbow trout (gills and fins) induced by a series of biocides including formalin, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), peracetic acid (PAA) and the surfactant SPH6, which was isolated from the bacterium Pseudomonas H6. The compounds have documented antiparasitic effects, but the specific effects on fish needs further documentation. This study was performed over 24 h, and inflammatory reactions were evaluated in gills and fins. A dose-dependent effect was noted for expression of immune genes encoding for IL-1β, TNFα, IFNγ, IL-10, IL-8, lysozyme, serum amyloid A (SAA), hepcidin, precerebellin and complement factor C3. PAA induced the strongest upregulation of cytokine and acute phase reactant genes followed by H2O2 and formalin. SPH6 showed a lower effect, and in several cases the compound induced downregulation of several genes. Gills showed a stronger response compared to fins. The mucous cell density in fins showed a range of changes which varied by compound. PAA, and to a lesser degree H2O2 and formalin, initially induced mucous cell hyperplasia, whereas SPH6 immediately decreased the number of cells containing mucus.

AB - Several biocides are widely used in rainbow trout aquaculture against various ectoparasites and ectobionts, but the inflammation induced in treated fish is less well described. Dose-response studies were conducted to elucidate the effects on rainbow trout (gills and fins) induced by a series of biocides including formalin, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), peracetic acid (PAA) and the surfactant SPH6, which was isolated from the bacterium Pseudomonas H6. The compounds have documented antiparasitic effects, but the specific effects on fish needs further documentation. This study was performed over 24 h, and inflammatory reactions were evaluated in gills and fins. A dose-dependent effect was noted for expression of immune genes encoding for IL-1β, TNFα, IFNγ, IL-10, IL-8, lysozyme, serum amyloid A (SAA), hepcidin, precerebellin and complement factor C3. PAA induced the strongest upregulation of cytokine and acute phase reactant genes followed by H2O2 and formalin. SPH6 showed a lower effect, and in several cases the compound induced downregulation of several genes. Gills showed a stronger response compared to fins. The mucous cell density in fins showed a range of changes which varied by compound. PAA, and to a lesser degree H2O2 and formalin, initially induced mucous cell hyperplasia, whereas SPH6 immediately decreased the number of cells containing mucus.

KW - Animals

KW - Disinfectants/toxicity

KW - Fish Diseases

KW - Gills

KW - Hydrogen Peroxide

KW - Inflammation/veterinary

KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss

UR - https://www.int-res.com/articles/dao_oa/d151p061.pdf

U2 - 10.3354/dao03617

DO - 10.3354/dao03617

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 34435597

VL - 146

SP - 9

EP - 21

JO - Diseases of Aquatic Organisms

JF - Diseases of Aquatic Organisms

SN - 0177-5103

ER -