Lesions and pathogens found in pigs that died during the nursery period in five Danish farms
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Lesions and pathogens found in pigs that died during the nursery period in five Danish farms. / Barington, Kristiane; Eriksen, Esben Østergaard; Kudirkiene, Egle; Pankoke, Karen; Hartmann, Katrine Top; Hansen, Mette Sif; Jensen, Henrik Elvang; Blirup-Plum, Sophie Amalie; Jørgensen, Benjamin Meyer; Nielsen, Jens Peter; Olsen, John Elmerdahl; Goecke, Nicole Bakkegård; Larsen, Lars Erik; Pedersen, Ken Steen.
I: Porcine Health Management, Bind 9, 26, 2023.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Lesions and pathogens found in pigs that died during the nursery period in five Danish farms
AU - Barington, Kristiane
AU - Eriksen, Esben Østergaard
AU - Kudirkiene, Egle
AU - Pankoke, Karen
AU - Hartmann, Katrine Top
AU - Hansen, Mette Sif
AU - Jensen, Henrik Elvang
AU - Blirup-Plum, Sophie Amalie
AU - Jørgensen, Benjamin Meyer
AU - Nielsen, Jens Peter
AU - Olsen, John Elmerdahl
AU - Goecke, Nicole Bakkegård
AU - Larsen, Lars Erik
AU - Pedersen, Ken Steen
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023, The Author(s).
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Background: Diagnosing and treatment of diseases in pigs are important to maintain animal welfare, food safety and productivity. At the same time antimicrobial resistance is increasing, and therefore, antibiotic treatment should be reserved for individuals with a bacterial infection. The aim of the study was to investigate gross and histological lesions and related pathogens in pigs that died during the nursery period in five Danish farms. In addition, high throughput, real-time qPCR monitoring of specific porcine pathogens in fecal sock and oral fluid samples were carried out to investigate the between-farm and between-batch variation in the occurrence of pathogens. Results: Twenty-five batches of nursery pigs from five intensive, indoor herds were followed from weaning (approximately four weeks) to the end of nursery (seven to eight weeks post weaning). Gross and histological evaluation of 238 dead and 30 euthanized pigs showed the highest prevalence of lesions in the skin, respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, and joints. Gross and histological diagnoses of lung and joint lesions agreed in 46.5% and 62.2% of selected pigs, respectively. Bacteriological detection of Escherichia coli, Streptococcus suis or Staphylococcus aureus infections in joints, lungs and livers was confirmed as genuine infection on immunohistochemical staining in 11 out of 70 tissue sections. The real-time qPCR analysis of pooled samples showed that most pathogens detected in feces and in oral fluid in general followed the same shedding patterns in consecutive batches within herds. Conclusions: Gross assessment should be supplemented with a histopathological assessment especially when diagnosing lesions in the lungs and joints. Moreover, microbiological detection of pathogens should optimally be followed up by in situ identification to confirm causality. Furthermore, routine necropsies can reveal gastric lesions that may warrant a change in management. Real-time qPCR testing of fecal sock samples and oral fluid samples may be used to monitor the infections in the individual herd and testing one batch seems to have a good predictive value for subsequent batches within a herd. Overall, optimal diagnostic protocols will provide a more substantiated prescription of antibiotics.
AB - Background: Diagnosing and treatment of diseases in pigs are important to maintain animal welfare, food safety and productivity. At the same time antimicrobial resistance is increasing, and therefore, antibiotic treatment should be reserved for individuals with a bacterial infection. The aim of the study was to investigate gross and histological lesions and related pathogens in pigs that died during the nursery period in five Danish farms. In addition, high throughput, real-time qPCR monitoring of specific porcine pathogens in fecal sock and oral fluid samples were carried out to investigate the between-farm and between-batch variation in the occurrence of pathogens. Results: Twenty-five batches of nursery pigs from five intensive, indoor herds were followed from weaning (approximately four weeks) to the end of nursery (seven to eight weeks post weaning). Gross and histological evaluation of 238 dead and 30 euthanized pigs showed the highest prevalence of lesions in the skin, respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, and joints. Gross and histological diagnoses of lung and joint lesions agreed in 46.5% and 62.2% of selected pigs, respectively. Bacteriological detection of Escherichia coli, Streptococcus suis or Staphylococcus aureus infections in joints, lungs and livers was confirmed as genuine infection on immunohistochemical staining in 11 out of 70 tissue sections. The real-time qPCR analysis of pooled samples showed that most pathogens detected in feces and in oral fluid in general followed the same shedding patterns in consecutive batches within herds. Conclusions: Gross assessment should be supplemented with a histopathological assessment especially when diagnosing lesions in the lungs and joints. Moreover, microbiological detection of pathogens should optimally be followed up by in situ identification to confirm causality. Furthermore, routine necropsies can reveal gastric lesions that may warrant a change in management. Real-time qPCR testing of fecal sock samples and oral fluid samples may be used to monitor the infections in the individual herd and testing one batch seems to have a good predictive value for subsequent batches within a herd. Overall, optimal diagnostic protocols will provide a more substantiated prescription of antibiotics.
KW - Herd health management
KW - Histology
KW - Immunohistochemistry
KW - Microbiology
KW - Pathology
KW - Pigs
KW - Real-time qPCR
U2 - 10.1186/s40813-023-00319-9
DO - 10.1186/s40813-023-00319-9
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37264473
AN - SCOPUS:85160953154
VL - 9
JO - Porcine Health Management
JF - Porcine Health Management
SN - 2055-5660
M1 - 26
ER -
ID: 356559481