TY - JOUR

T1 - Molecular epidemiology and evolution of influenza viruses circulating within European swine between 2009 and 2013

AU - Watson, Simon J.

AU - Langat, Pinky

AU - Reid, Scott M.

AU - Lam, Tommy Tsan Yuk

AU - Cotten, Matthew

AU - Kelly, Michael

AU - Van Reeth, Kristien

AU - Qiu, Yu

AU - Simon, Gaëlle

AU - Bonin, Emilie

AU - Foni, Emanuela

AU - Chiapponi, Chiara

AU - Larsen, Lars

AU - Hjulsager, Charlotte

AU - Markowska-Daniel, Iwona

AU - Urbaniak, Kinga

AU - Dürrwald, Ralf

AU - Schlegel, Michael

AU - Huovilainen, Anita

AU - Davidson, Irit

AU - Dán, Ádám

AU - Loeffen, Willie

AU - Edwards, Stephanie

AU - Bublot, Michel

AU - Vila, Thais

AU - Maldonado, Jaime

AU - Valls, Laura

AU - Brown, Ian H.

AU - Pybus, Oliver G.

AU - Kellam, Paul

AU - ESNIP3 consortium

PY - 2015

Y1 - 2015

N2 - The emergence in humans of the A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus, a complex reassortant virus of swine origin, highlighted the importance of worldwide influenza virus surveillance in swine. To date, large-scale surveillance studies have been reported for southern China and North America, but such data have not yet been described for Europe. We report the first large-scale genomic characterization of 290 swine influenza viruses collected from 14 European countries between 2009 and 2013. A total of 23 distinct genotypes were identified, with the 7 most common comprising 82% of the incidence. Contrasting epidemiological dynamics were observed for two of these genotypes, H1huN2 and H3N2, with the former showing multiple long-lived geographically isolated lineages, while the latter had short-lived geographically diffuse lineages. At least 32 human-swine transmission events have resulted in A(H1N1)pdm09 becoming established at a mean frequency of 8% across European countries. Notably, swine in the United Kingdom have largely had a replacement of the endemic Eurasian avian virus-like ("avian-like") genotypes with A(H1N1)pdm09-derived genotypes. The high number of reassortant genotypes observed in European swine, combined with the identification of a genotype similar to the A(H3N2)v genotype in North America, underlines the importance of continued swine surveillance in Europe for the purposes of maintaining public health. This report further reveals that the emergences and drivers of virus evolution in swine differ at the global level.

AB - The emergence in humans of the A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus, a complex reassortant virus of swine origin, highlighted the importance of worldwide influenza virus surveillance in swine. To date, large-scale surveillance studies have been reported for southern China and North America, but such data have not yet been described for Europe. We report the first large-scale genomic characterization of 290 swine influenza viruses collected from 14 European countries between 2009 and 2013. A total of 23 distinct genotypes were identified, with the 7 most common comprising 82% of the incidence. Contrasting epidemiological dynamics were observed for two of these genotypes, H1huN2 and H3N2, with the former showing multiple long-lived geographically isolated lineages, while the latter had short-lived geographically diffuse lineages. At least 32 human-swine transmission events have resulted in A(H1N1)pdm09 becoming established at a mean frequency of 8% across European countries. Notably, swine in the United Kingdom have largely had a replacement of the endemic Eurasian avian virus-like ("avian-like") genotypes with A(H1N1)pdm09-derived genotypes. The high number of reassortant genotypes observed in European swine, combined with the identification of a genotype similar to the A(H3N2)v genotype in North America, underlines the importance of continued swine surveillance in Europe for the purposes of maintaining public health. This report further reveals that the emergences and drivers of virus evolution in swine differ at the global level.

U2 - 10.1128/JVI.00840-15

DO - 10.1128/JVI.00840-15

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 26202246

AN - SCOPUS:84940991966

VL - 89

SP - 9920

EP - 9931

JO - Journal of Virology

JF - Journal of Virology

SN - 0022-538X

IS - 19

ER -