TY - JOUR

T1 - Vancomycin resistance in Enterococcus faecium isolated from Danish chicken meat is located on a pVEF4-like plasmid persisting in poultry for 18 years

AU - Leinweber, Helena

AU - Alotaibi, Sulaiman M.I.

AU - Overballe-Petersen, Søren

AU - Hansen, Frank

AU - Hasman, Henrik

AU - Bortolaia, Valeria

AU - Hammerum, Anette M.

AU - Ingmer, Hanne

PY - 2018

Y1 - 2018

N2 - The occurrence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) in food is relevant to public health as foodborne VREfm may colonize the gut of consumers and transfer vancomycin resistance genes to the indigenous gut microbiota. Therefore, we determined occurrence and elucidated genetic traits of VREfm in Danish retail chicken meat. Three out of 40 samples (7.5%) from two slaughterhouses yielded VREfm (vancomycin MIC > 32 mg/L). This is the first report of VREfm in Danish retail poultry meat since 2010 (DANMAP). All three VREfm belonged to the sequence type ST32, cluster type CT1068. Using whole genome sequencing, we detected transposon Tn1546 harbouring the vanA operon encoding vancomycin resistance. The vanA operon was located on a 43.4 kb plasmid highly similar (99.9% identity across 97.5% of the sequence) to pVEF4, which was observed in VREfm in Norwegian poultry in 1998 and in Danish poultry in 2010. The remarkable persistence of a pVEF4-like plasmid in enterococcal populations may be explained by the presence of two independent plasmid stability systems, the ω/ε/ζ toxin-antitoxin system and the prgOPN gene cluster. Filter mating experiments showed that the pVEF4-like plasmid could transfer between E. faecium strains in vitro and that transfer occurred concomitantly with a larger, co-residing plasmid. The data presented here indicate that poultry meat constitutes a reservoir of VREfm and further investigations are needed to assess the risk of foodborne transmission to humans.

AB - The occurrence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) in food is relevant to public health as foodborne VREfm may colonize the gut of consumers and transfer vancomycin resistance genes to the indigenous gut microbiota. Therefore, we determined occurrence and elucidated genetic traits of VREfm in Danish retail chicken meat. Three out of 40 samples (7.5%) from two slaughterhouses yielded VREfm (vancomycin MIC > 32 mg/L). This is the first report of VREfm in Danish retail poultry meat since 2010 (DANMAP). All three VREfm belonged to the sequence type ST32, cluster type CT1068. Using whole genome sequencing, we detected transposon Tn1546 harbouring the vanA operon encoding vancomycin resistance. The vanA operon was located on a 43.4 kb plasmid highly similar (99.9% identity across 97.5% of the sequence) to pVEF4, which was observed in VREfm in Norwegian poultry in 1998 and in Danish poultry in 2010. The remarkable persistence of a pVEF4-like plasmid in enterococcal populations may be explained by the presence of two independent plasmid stability systems, the ω/ε/ζ toxin-antitoxin system and the prgOPN gene cluster. Filter mating experiments showed that the pVEF4-like plasmid could transfer between E. faecium strains in vitro and that transfer occurred concomitantly with a larger, co-residing plasmid. The data presented here indicate that poultry meat constitutes a reservoir of VREfm and further investigations are needed to assess the risk of foodborne transmission to humans.

KW - Enterococcus faecium

KW - pVEF4

KW - Retail chicken meat

KW - ST32 (CT1068)

KW - vanA

KW - VRE

U2 - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.03.019

DO - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.03.019

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 29621590

AN - SCOPUS:85047826251

VL - 52

SP - 283

EP - 286

JO - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

JF - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

SN - 0924-8579

IS - 2

ER -