Commercial biocides induce transfer of prophage Φ13 from human strains of Staphylococcus aureus to livestock CC398

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articleResearchpeer-review

  • Yuanyue Tang
  • Lene N. Nielsen
  • Annemette Hvitved
  • Jakob K. Haaber
  • Christiane Wirtz
  • Paal S. Andersen
  • Jesper Larsen
  • Christiane Wolz
  • Ingmer, Hanne

Human strains of Staphylococcus aureus commonly carry the bacteriophage ΦSa3 that encodes immune evasion factors. Recently, this prophage has been found in livestock-associated, methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) CC398 strains where it may promote human colonization. Here, we have addressed if exposure to biocidal products induces phage transfer, and find that during co-culture, Φ13 from strain 8325, belonging to ΦSa3 group, is induced and transferred from a human strain to LA-MRSA CC398 when exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of commercial biocides containing hydrogen peroxide. Integration of ΦSa3 in LA-MRSA CC398 occurs at multiple positions and the integration site influences the stability of the prophage. We did not observe integration in hlb encoding β-hemolysin that contains the preferred ΦSa3 attachment site in human strains, and we demonstrate that this is due to allelic variation in CC398 strains that disrupts the phage attachment site, but not the expression of β-hemolysin. Our results show that hydrogen peroxide present in biocidal products stimulate transfer of ΦSa3 from human to LA-MRSA CC398 strains and that in these strains prophage stability depends on the integration site. Knowledge of ΦSa3 transfer and stability between human and livestock strains may lead to new intervention measures directed at reducing human infection by LA-MRSA strains.

Original languageEnglish
Article number2418
JournalFrontiers in Microbiology
Volume8
Number of pages11
ISSN1664-302X
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Dec 2017

    Research areas

  • Biocide, LA-MRSA CC398, Phage transfer, Prophage, ΦSa3

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