Exercise-Associated Sudden Death in Finnish Standardbred and Coldblooded Trotters - A Case Series With Pedigree Analysis
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Exercise-Associated Sudden Death in Finnish Standardbred and Coldblooded Trotters - A Case Series With Pedigree Analysis. / Trachsel, Dagmar S.; Calloe, Kirstine; Mykkänen, Anna K.; Raistakka, Pia; Anttila, Marjukka; Fredholm, Merete; Tala, Martti; Lamminpää, Katariina; Klaerke, Dan A.; Buhl, Rikke.
In: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, Vol. 104, 103694, 2021.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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T1 - Exercise-Associated Sudden Death in Finnish Standardbred and Coldblooded Trotters - A Case Series With Pedigree Analysis
AU - Trachsel, Dagmar S.
AU - Calloe, Kirstine
AU - Mykkänen, Anna K.
AU - Raistakka, Pia
AU - Anttila, Marjukka
AU - Fredholm, Merete
AU - Tala, Martti
AU - Lamminpää, Katariina
AU - Klaerke, Dan A.
AU - Buhl, Rikke
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Exercise-associated sudden deaths (EASDs) are deaths occurring unexpectedly during or immediately after exercise. Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is one cause of EASD. Cardiac arrhythmias caused by genetic variants have been linked to SCD in humans. We hypothesize that genetic variants may be associated with SCD in animals, including horses. Genetic variants are transmitted to offspring and their frequency might increase within a family. Therefore, the frequency of such variants might increase with the inbreeding factor. Higher inbreeding could have a negative impact on racing performance. Pedigree data and career earnings from racehorses diagnosed with SCD between 2002 and 2017 were compared using non-parametric tests with 1) control horses that died due to catastrophic musculoskeletal injuries and 2) horses that raced during the same period without reported problems. Diagnosis of SCD was based on necropsy reports, including macroscopic and microscopic examinations. Death was registered in the study period for 61 horses. Eleven of these horses were excluded due to missing autopsy reports. In 25 cases, the diagnosis remained unknown and death was possibly caused by cardiac arrhythmia, in two cases cardiac disease was identified, in seven cases a rupture of a major vessel had occurred. In addition, 16 horses died or were euthanized due to severe musculoskeletal injuries. No significant differences in inbreeding coefficients or in career earnings were found between the groups or between horses with EASD compared with other horses racing during the same period. The study provides no evidence for increased inbreeding factor in Finnish racehorses with SCD.
AB - Exercise-associated sudden deaths (EASDs) are deaths occurring unexpectedly during or immediately after exercise. Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is one cause of EASD. Cardiac arrhythmias caused by genetic variants have been linked to SCD in humans. We hypothesize that genetic variants may be associated with SCD in animals, including horses. Genetic variants are transmitted to offspring and their frequency might increase within a family. Therefore, the frequency of such variants might increase with the inbreeding factor. Higher inbreeding could have a negative impact on racing performance. Pedigree data and career earnings from racehorses diagnosed with SCD between 2002 and 2017 were compared using non-parametric tests with 1) control horses that died due to catastrophic musculoskeletal injuries and 2) horses that raced during the same period without reported problems. Diagnosis of SCD was based on necropsy reports, including macroscopic and microscopic examinations. Death was registered in the study period for 61 horses. Eleven of these horses were excluded due to missing autopsy reports. In 25 cases, the diagnosis remained unknown and death was possibly caused by cardiac arrhythmia, in two cases cardiac disease was identified, in seven cases a rupture of a major vessel had occurred. In addition, 16 horses died or were euthanized due to severe musculoskeletal injuries. No significant differences in inbreeding coefficients or in career earnings were found between the groups or between horses with EASD compared with other horses racing during the same period. The study provides no evidence for increased inbreeding factor in Finnish racehorses with SCD.
KW - Coldblooded trotter
KW - Exercise, Sudden cardiac death
KW - Inbreeding coefficient
KW - Post-mortem examination
KW - Standardbred trotter
U2 - 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103694
DO - 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103694
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 34416991
AN - SCOPUS:85110728934
VL - 104
JO - Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
JF - Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
SN - 0737-0806
M1 - 103694
ER -
ID: 275826651